A nickel titanium (NiTi) rotary file is an engine-driven tapered and pointed endodontic instrument made of nickel titanium alloy with cutting edges used to mechanically shape and prepare the root canals during endodontic therapy or to remove the root canal filling material while performing retreatment. These instruments have “shape memory” and advanced flexibility, allowing for instrumentation of canals with severe curvature and calcified, narrow canals.
Nickel Titanium alloy was developed for military purposes in the 1960s. The introduction of nickel titanium rotary files in endodontics in the early 1990s, revolutionized the way root canal preparations were done, enabling more complicated root canal systems to be shaped with fewer procedural errors.
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